College and university

A curriculum

課程

 

A diploma

文憑

 

A degree

學位

 

A graduate

畢業生

 

A credit

學分

 

a lecturer

講師

 

A person who teaches a course or subject

a major

 

 

a prerequisite

先決條件

 

a semester     

學期

 

A 6-month term of studying

a thesis 

論文

 

a transcript

(n)成績單

(n)抄本,謄本;副本

a tutorial       

(n)輔導課;個別指導

(a)輔導教師的

  【律】監護人的

A tutor

家庭教師

【美】(大學中的)助教

【英】(大學中的)導師

【律】(未成年者的)監護人

 

House, rent, etc

 

 

 

An apartment

(英國)整層公寓

(美國)單位公寓

租賃

 

A flat

(英國)單戶公寓

 

Condominium

ˌkändəˈminēəm

公寓

 

擁有所有權

 

bachelor-style apartment/ Studio flat

單身公寓

 

 

Loft

閣樓開放式房間*loft本為閣樓

現多指居高開放式居住或工作空間

 

A block of flats

公寓大樓

A bungalow

 /ˈbʌŋ.ɡəl.əʊ/ 平房

A cottage

/ˈkɒt.ɪdʒ/小屋

A detached house

獨立式洋房

A semi-detached house

半獨立式別墅

A house boat

住家艇

= A boat on a canal or river that has been specially built or converted to allow people to live on it.

Penthouse

頂層豪華公寓,一定位於一棟大樓的最高樓

 

A landlord /

A landlady

房東/女房東

 

 

tenant

租客

 

A mobile home

移動房屋

A trailer that stays parked in one place and is used as living accommodation.

 

A palace

宮殿

 

 

A recreational vehicle (An RV)

 

 

Residential

居民區 = Where people live.

 

A skyscraper

摩天大樓

 

 

A terraced house

排屋(英國)

 

 

A villa

別墅

 

Enroll for

登記

 

major in

主修於

 

Graduate with+.../..學位

Graduate from  + 學校

revise

複習(+for)

The students are busy revising for the examination. 學生們忙於溫課迎考。

sit an exam

參加考試 (包括take an exam, present oneself, be candidate for exam)

比起take an exam 較為寬泛

 

The aerospace industry

航空工業

 

Missiles  /ˈmɪs.aɪl/

導彈

 

The agriculture industry

 

Her family has always been in agriculture.

timber

木材;林木;樹木

 

tobacco

煙草

 

raise cattle

養牛

 

grow crops

種植農作物

 

A light industry

輕工業

 

A heavy industry

重工業

 

The defense industry

國防工業

 

The health care industry

醫療保健行業

 

The food industry

食品工業

 

The manufacturing industry

製造業

 

The financial services industry

金融服務業

 

The mass media

大眾媒體

 

The mining industry

採礦業

 

The primary sector

= This deals with basic (or 'raw' materials) such as crude oil(原油), wood, cotton, or coal.

The secondary sector

This takes the raw materials and uses them to manufacture or construct things.

The tertiary sector

第三產業

The quaternary sector

*第四紀

第四產業

This is more of a knowledge-based sector, and includes the media, information technology, and education.

The transport industry

運輸業

This includes the building of roads and railways (the infrastructure), the production of vehicles (cars, ships, planes, etc.), and operations (running the railways, etc.)

*Transport 運輸

Talking about jobs (careers)

A career

職業

 

To do casual work

做臨時工

 

get fired 

get sacked

被譴職

被解僱

He got sacked from his last job.他上一份工作是被解僱的。

To be freelance

 

 

A stay-at-home mum/dad

全職媽媽/爸爸

To be unemployed

失業

He left school early without any qualifications or work experience and has been unemployed since.

work flexi-time

彈性工作

Our company offers flexi-time, which is great as it means I can avoid the rush hour traffic on the way to and from work.

arrange a meeting

 

hold a staff meeting

 

To book a crew

 

I've booked the camera and sound crew, and they are bringing assistants with them. I worked with them on the last series; they're good!

call the IT helpdesk

 

服務台

contact a supplier

 

 

do a stock check

 

 

draft a contract

 

 

establish goals

 

 

greet customers

 

 

input data

 

 

liaise with other departments

I will be liaising with marketing and sales to see if we can find a solution to the problem. * liaise with聯絡

look into a problem

調查這個問題

Look over/check over 檢查、查閱* look over於此為可分雙動詞

*look over亦可為快速掃過 此為不可分動詞

Look through/skim through 快速瀏覽

Look up 查閱;可分雙動詞

maintain the database

 

make a lesson plan

(老師)制定課程計畫

make a phone call

I just need to make a quick phone call, and then I'll answer your email properly.

pay salaries

 

recruit staff

 

serve customers

 

order office supplies

 

Work / Life Balance

Budget

(制訂預算,計劃(開支))

savings

存款

Commute

(通勤)

do an evening class(夜校)

to study or learn something academic, practical, or fun in a college in the evenings.

My friend has been doing evening classes for years. She's learnt lots of things and made lots of new friends.

do an online course

 

eat out

 

entertain friends(招待朋友)

To have friends to your house to eat dinner, have some drinks, etc., with you.

Stay in(留在家裡,不出門)

In winter, I prefer to stay in at the weekend and do things at home. I don't like going out when it's cold!

Go out((尤指為了去娛樂)外出,出門參加社交活動)

Most evening, after work, I'm too tired to go out. But I always have the energy to go to a restaurant or club at the weekend!

work a 9 to 5 jobs

They both gave up their 9 to 5 jobs, changed careers, work for themselves, and have never been happier!

spend time with friends and family

My family don't live very close, so we don't get to spend much time with each other anymore, but we try to get together twice a year.

Work environments - Offices

boardroom

董事會會議室

cubicle

(隔間;辦公室OA隔板)

a shower cubicle 淋浴間

A fax machine

 

A filing cabinet

文件櫃

An invoice

發票

A memo (a memorandum)

備忘錄

The office furniture

辦公室傢俱

An open-plan office

(開放式辦公空間)

large room with many desks where people sit and work. This may, or may not, be divided into cubicles.

switchboard

電話總機,電話交換台

temp

臨時雇員

A water cooler

飲水機(蒸餾水)

Literature 文學作品

best seller

暢銷書

a bookworm

書蟲

biography

自傳

essay

短文;論說文;小品文,散文

non-fiction

寫實文學

sci-fi  /ˈsaɪ.faɪ/

科幻

historical

歷史文學的

skim through

(快速瀏覽)Look through

Visual Arts視覺藝術

a canvas

油畫

some clay

陶土、黏土

an easel

畫架

plette /ˈpalət/

調色盤

a sculpture

雕刻品

a sketch

 

a sculptor

雕刻師

Health & sickness

check-up

體檢檢查

cough

咳嗽

Human body movements

Human feelings

furious

狂怒;強烈的;激烈的

indecisive

優柔寡斷

delighted

令人高興的,使人愉快的,給人快樂的

Relationships (romance, marriage, divorce)

a widow

鰥夫

get engaged

訂婚

fiancé

未婚夫

Problems

a vandal

故意破壞他人財產者

a civil right

公民權利

a death penalty

When a person is sentenced to death because of a crime they have committed.

a homeless person

 

a minority group

少數團體

a welfare state

福利國家

be unemployed

失業的

bully

= To frighten and make fun of someone in a nasty way.

cyber bully

網路霸凌

discriminate

歧視

petition

請願

immigrate

移民(到這裡)

Emigration

移民(到外地)

Special events

a baby shower

新生派對

a farewell party

歡送會

a party favor

= A small gift which is given to guests to thank them for coming and to remind them of the event.

a thank you note

= A note which is written to thank a person for a present and for coming to an event.

a venue場地

The place where an event is held.

throw (a party)

(尤指在家裡)開派對

throw cold water on sth

給(想法或計劃)潑冷水

👉You're always throwing cold water on my suggestions.

toast

= A way of honoring a person or people by raising their glasses to them. (= 一種向一個或多個人舉杯向他們致敬的方式。)

The media (TV, radio, newspapers)

a journalist/ a reporter 記者

 

a press conference

新聞發布會

a tabloid  小報

 

an editorial 社論

An article which the newspaper publishes and which will be their opinion on a certain topic

an eyewitness

 

to plagiarize抄襲

 

to spin 扭曲

This often happens in the media when they try and turn a story around or only report on a certain angle of a story.

Tourism & Sightseeing

a souvenir

 

activities

= Things to do such as visiting museums or going shopping

attraction景點

 

a postcard

 

View景色

= Something you can see from a high place.  You can see for a long way

Travelling by air

arrivals    到達

= Aircraft coming to the airport

Gate

 

Departures 離開;起飛

= Aircraft leaving the airport

check-in

 

duty free

免稅

boarding pass

登機牌

Aircraft

飛機

Travelling by road

 

Motorway

高速公路= high road, highway,

Roundabout

前面的環形交叉路口

traffic light 

紅綠燈

petrol

汽油

the boot 

靴子

Road sign

路標

car park 

停車場

parking ticket

停車票

Travelling by sea

 

ferry

渡輪

calm sea

平靜海浪

rough sea 

驚滔駭浪

seasick 

暈船

cabin

船艙

captain

船長

cruise ship

遊輪

 'Bring'

 

bring down the house 

(戲劇、演出等)引起全場觀眾大笑或鼓掌

bring home the bacon 養家活口

 

My mother works hard every day to bring home the bacon.(我的母親每天認真工作以養家活口。

bring into the open 公開

= To make evident or public

It’s time this issue was brought into the open.

bring to attention 引起注意

= To make someone aware of something 

bring to mind 回憶起;想起;記起

 = To evoke a memory or thought

This film brought to mind the first time I ever rode a motorcycle.

I can see his face, but I just can't bring his name to mind.

bring to light揭示,發現,公開

= Make or become widely known or evident

bring to tears 讓人流淚

 To cause one to cry

bring to the table

= Provide something that will be a benefit 

We think you will be able to bring all the right skills to the table. 

bring up to speed 

給予某人關於某事的最新信息 

= To give someone the latest information 

Please bring me up to speed on this matter so that I can make the necessary arrangements.

 

bring out the best/worst in someone 

帶出某人最好/最壞的一面

= Someone or something that helps one to use or show a quality

A crisis can bring out the best and the worst in people.

Countryside & farming

 

Countryside

 

A valley  

 

The scenery 

Natural features of a landscape 

A cliff 

A steep rock face, at the edge of the sea 

A field 原野

An area of open land  一片開闊土地

A hill      

A raised area of land, a small mountain 

Farming

 

An acre英畝  /ˈeɪ.kər/

A unit of land area 

The cattle

Large animals domesticated for meat or milk (cows)

The crops 莊稼

Cultivated plant 

A flock 羊群;鳥群;人群

noisy flock of tourists 一群吵吵嚷嚷的遊客

a flock of sheep/goats/geese一群綿羊/山羊/鵝

A harvest 收成;收穫;收成時節

收穫時節;收割,收穫;收成

An orchard 果園 /ˈɔː.tʃəd/

 

Farming Verbs

 

herd 

(將)趕成一群,放牧

To grow 

To increase in size

To harvest

To gather plants from the earth

To plow

犁地

Describing objects - materials

Aluminum

Ceramic/Clay 

陶瓷/粘土

Concrete 

混凝土;確實的;具體的,有形的

Copper

Fur 

毛皮

Leather

皮革

Steel 

Describing objects - shape & dimensions

curved /curvy

彎曲/彎曲

curly

鬈曲的,捲曲的

Flat 

 

oval   /ˈəʊ.vəl/

橢圓形的;卵形的

pointy 

有尖頭的

round / rounded

圓形/圓形

dimensions 

方面

gigantic

巨大

Mini = Miniature

 

Environmental problems & Pollution

Landfill

垃圾掩埋場

Litter

(散落在公共場所的)小塊垃圾,廢棄物

petroleum

石油

A pipeline 

(常指鋪設在地下的)管道,管線

To pour out

  1. 流出; 滾滾冒出

Millions of gallons of oil poured out of seven ruptured pipelines.  

* ruptured=  (vi)破裂(n.)斷絕a rupture between A and B AB的關係的破裂(vt) 使破裂;(使)不和

 

  1. (尤指私下或秘密地)傾訴,傾吐

He spends every lunchtime pouring out his emotional problems to me and expects me to find a solution.他每次吃午飯時都向我傾訴感情問題,希望我給他想個解決辦法。

Sewage

污水;汙物

Smog 

= Fog or haze intensified by smoke or other pollutants

(尤指城市中的)霧霾,煙霧

A spill 

液體 洩漏

= Unintentional overflow of liquids 

Toxic waste

=Refers to chemical compounds produced by factories

Trash / rubbish

=Waste material 廢料

Extreme weather

 

A blizzard暴風雪

= Heavy snow

A drought 乾旱

= A lack of water

A heat wave 熱浪

= Excessive heat

A hurricane  颶風

= Swirling funnel of air

A tornado 龍捲風

 

A volcanic eruption 火山噴發

 

A wildfire一場野火

 

A flood 洪水

 

Notices & warnings

Beware of pickpockets

注意扒手

Do not leave bags unattended

*unattended 無人看管的

Fasten your seatbelt 

 

Keep off the grass

不要踩踏草坪

Mind the step/gap

 

No vacancy/vacancies

沒有空缺/空缺

Out of order/service

故障

Yield

讓先

= Give right of way to other traffic.

You will find yield signs on all roads that merge into other roads without a traffic light or a stop sign.

Numbers, statistics & trends

Width /wɪtθ/

寬度;廣度

Weight     /wet/               

重量,分量;體重

Percentage

= Portion of 100%

ascend

上升

In seasons of high rainfall, the river can ascend 50 meters.

climb

The tax rate has been climbing steadily the past few years.

To decline 

Sales have been declining over the years.

To decrease

 Sales have decreased by 7% this year. 

To plunge – a plunge 暴跌

To plunge – a plunge  = The stock market plunged today.

deteriorate – a dip

  = There was a large dip in temperatures in Michigan last winter.

To worsen – a slip   

= The oil spill’s toll on wildlife continued to worsen. 

*toll收費* oil spill漏油事件

Dramatic – dramatically

 

Slight – slightly

= Insignificant

There was a slight decrease in prices.

Steady – steadily 

 

Town & cities

The city/town hall

市政廳/市政廳

The ghetto / ˈɡedō /

(某種族) 聚集區

A historic landmark

 

A nursing home

一家養老院

= Residential accommodation for the elderly

The outskirts

= Outer parts of a town or city

The suburbs

= Outlying residential area of a city 

slums

貧民窟

A square

廣場 piazza, plaza, square

A parking lot =

一個停車場

A parking meter 

一個停車計時器

The public transport system

公共交通系統 * transport 運輸

A pedestrian crossing

行人穿越道

 

access

 

components

(n) 組成部分;成分;零件

 Crash (vi)

(電腦或系統)癱瘓,死機

(公司等)垮枱,破産,崩潰,崩盤

Corrupted 

(a)(電腦上的資訊)被破壞的,有錯誤的

*corrupt data損壞的資料 a corrupt file被破壞的文檔

(a) 貪贓舞弊的;腐敗的

A desktop computer

桌電

A laptop computer 

筆電

 Keyboard/

鍵盤

Storage (n.)

儲存;儲藏;儲備

*in storage 儲放著

A USB port

 

shut down 

關閉

spreadsheet

(n) 電子表格

Debates & discussions

a point of view

觀點

a flawed argument

有缺陷的論點

summary 

總結

in my opinion 

I hear you, but I think...  我懂你 但我覺得

= Used when you don't agree with someone but you want them to know that you do understand what they are saying.

It goes without saying that

recap

回顧

Describing companies

go bankrupt

破產

distributor

經銷商

export

出口

To be founded

= To start up.

An independent organization

= An organization whose decisions and plans do not need government approval. Also known as non-government organizations (NGOs)

To lay off staff 

= To make staff redundant (to make staff leave) because they are no longer needed or because the company has financial problems.

* redundant 多餘

Multinational

多國的;(企業)在多國經營的,跨國的

public limited company

(英國)可向公眾出售股票的公司

subsidiary

子公司;附屬公司

Work environments - Factories

Automation

自動化

foundry 

鑄造廠

mill 

製造廠,工廠磨坊;磨粉廠;磨粉機

A quality control inspector

品質控管檢查

night-shift.

early/late shifts

夜班

早班/夜班

sweatshop 

血汗工廠

union 

工會

warehouse

貨倉,倉庫

Human senses

bumpy

顛簸的

rough

高低不平的;崎嶇的;難行的

muffled

(聲音)變輕微(或低沉)

pungent

(氣味)刺鼻的;(味道)強烈的

revolting

極其討厭的;使人反感的;令人作嘔的

prickly

多刺的;刺痛的;癢的

易動怒的,易生氣的

scrumptious

極好吃的,美味的

Socialising & friendships

drop in

偶訪, 突然來訪

I wish they wouldn't drop in on me so often. 

=call by

get on

相處融洽

hit it off 

一拍即合

My brother and my boyfriend hit it off right from the start.

我哥哥和我的男友兩人一見如故。

They hit it off well with each other. 他們相處得很融洽。

catch up

敘敘舊

 

fall out with sb

吵架;失和

They fell out with each other just before their marriage.

他們就在舉行婚禮之前吵了起來。

fall out with siblings over an inheritance 為一筆遺產與同胞手足鬧翻

chat sb up

搭訕;與調情

Who was that pretty girl you were chatting up last night?

昨晚你與之談笑風生的那個漂亮姑娘是誰?

break the ice

 

network (vi)

(尤指工作中)建立關係網,建立人脈

Don't disturb me, I want to network. See that man over there? He's a local business tycoon.

Advertising

billboard

(尤指路旁的)大型廣告牌

banner

橫幅招牌

I think we should have a big banner up, advertising the beach party

jingle 

鈴鐺

hand out

分發,發放

place an advert

刊登廣告

=To put an advertisement on the radio, online, on TV etc.

slash prices

降價 =To hugely reduce price

Authorities (e.g. the Police)

sheriff 

【美】縣的行政司法長官;警長

【英】名譽郡長;(某些城市的)行政司法長官

 break (the law)  

違法

respect (the law) 

遵守法律

Beliefs & Religion

chapel 

(基督教)小教堂,禮拜堂

gospel

福音書(《聖經》中記載耶穌生平的四福音書之一)

heathen  /ˈhiː.ðən/

無宗教信仰的;異教徒的

Hymn  /hɪm/

讚美詩,聖歌

missionary

傳教士

psalm

聖詩,聖歌,讚美詩

baptize 

以洗禮方式使某人加入基督教教會;施洗

ordain 

授予(某人)聖職

preach 

(尤指牧師在教堂中)講道,佈道

worship 

敬奉,崇拜,信仰(上帝或神);參加宗教儀式;敬神;拜神;(常指盲目地)寵愛,崇拜,崇尚

Economy & Finance

recession

經濟衰退

a minimum wage

最低工資

an economic boom

景氣

depreciate

貶值

a civilization

文明

Describes a group of people who are sophisticated in terms of their economy, their culture and everything about them.

archeologist

考古學家

cavalry

騎兵

a bow and arrow

 

dungeon

地牢

monastery

修道院

hieroglyph

象形文字

dictator

獨裁者

reign

統治

invade

 

barter

物物交換

colonize 

殖民

mobilize

動員起來

The enemy is coming, we need to mobilize the army!

片語

 

good/  better/  best

The sooner the better  越快越好

much better

用於回答句 This is much better. (than that)

any better

用於問題句 Are you any better? (than before)

so+ (adj.) +(n.)

such+ a/an+(n.)

He is such an annoying man! He is a very annoying man!

It is such a funny film that I've watched it many times.

She always takes such a long time to answer her emails

She takes a very long time to answer them.

too+ (adj.)

 

ask about

(to ask questions for information)

ask for

(=request for sth)

listen to 

 

look at

(to watch something)

look for

(to find something)

get into 

開始對…感興趣;參與,參加

She's been getting into yoga recently - she does three classes a week.

她最近開始對瑜伽感興趣了——她一周上三次瑜伽課。

pay for+事物

….付款

Let me pay for the drinks. 我來付飲料吧!

I'll pay for the tickets. 我來買票。

The boss will pay for the dinner. 老闆會付晚餐。

*pay in cash  以現金付款 

*pay by credit card 以信用卡付款

turn to 

轉向;著手, 致力於; 開始努力地或熱情地工作

As he turned to me I noticed that he had a scar on his face. 當他轉向我時, 我注意到他臉上有個疤。

Now let us turn to the linguistic aspects. 現在讓我們來談談語言方面的問題。

It's time we turned to our work. 是我們開始工作的時候了。

She always turns to him when she is in real trouble.

她有實際困難時總是向他救援。

wait for

 

speak/talk to

(to say something to a person)

speak/talk about

(to discuss a particular topic)

think+ about/of

 

worry about

 

belong to

 

used in

用於

found in 

...

Love is not to be found in the market.

愛情在市場上找不到。

made of/from/by

 

 

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a hunger for adventure/knowledge/success對冒險/知識/成功的渴望

a longing for his homeland  他對家鄉的嚮往

We have no need of your sympathy. 我們不需要你的同情。

I'm in need of a drink.但我想喝杯東西。

Anton has a consuming passion for science fiction. 安東對科幻小說癡迷不已。

There is a strong desire for peace among the people.人民極盼和平。

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Ticket prices start at NTD 500 and go up to NTD 2000.

票價從台幣五百元起,到最高台幣二千元都有。

Hotel prices start at NTD 1000 for a single room.

旅館的單人房價格從台幣一千元起。

The cruise ship is expected to call at the Port of Gothenburg.

遊輪預計會短暫停靠哥德堡港。

The film they want to watch begins at seven.

他們要看的電影七點開場。

Talk about 談論… 

Read about   

know知道關於

tell about 講述 

ask about詢問

ask, apply, wait, leave/depart, search/look.+ for

care about=在乎

look after=照顧 

care of=處理;負責

care for sb=照顧,照料,護理(尤指幼、老、病者)

dream about =(睡夢中)夢到

dream about/of =夢想成

I wouldn’t dream of (=I would never do …)

hear about 聽說;得知

hear of聽說;得知

think of/about+ sb/sth記起,想起;想像

*think about 考慮(略加考慮)

*think of 看法;認為 (an idea that comes into your mind)

*think over (做決定前) 仔細考慮

You can think it over and give me your decision tomorrow.你可以仔細考慮明天給我答覆。

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He dedicated his life to freeing the world from famine and disease.

他畢生致力於消除世界上的飢餓和疾病。

The goggles protected my eyes from dust. 護目鏡保護我的眼睛不被灰塵傷害

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* believe in sth=確信;信奉

They don't believe in living together before marriage. 他們認為婚前同居不好。

She hired a lawyer who specializes in divorce cases. 她請了個專打離婚官司的律師。

a restaurant that specializes in seafood  專營海鮮的餐館

*success in

Richard succeeded in offending (= managed unintentionally to offend) just about everybody in the room!理查成功地把房間裡的所有人都得罪光了!

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It was predicted that a comet would collide with one of the planets.

預計一顆彗星將與某行星相撞。

*go with = 與(某人)談戀愛;與(某人)有性關係

Did he ever go with anyone else while they were living together?

他們在一起生活的時候,他有沒有和別人發生過關係?

Students are supplied with a list of books that they are expected to read.

學生們拿到一份閱讀書目清單

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*get on = 進步;應付;進展

He seems to be getting on very well at school. 他在學校裡似乎進步很大。

I simply can't get on without a secretary. 我沒有秘書簡直一籌莫展。

Everything was getting on very well. 一切進行得很順利。

*jump on=責罵, 批評

He jumped on us for that misbehaviour. 他對我們的錯誤行為嚴加責備。

They insisted on my staying there for supper. 他們一定要留我在那兒吃晚飯。

nowhere

There is nowhere I'd rather be. (=I only want to be here)

Nowhere is safe these days.

My keys are nowhere to be found.

any more (還要…)

any longer(不再..)

no longer (不再…)

*較為正式

 

I could stand John’s rudeness no longer.

(我無法再忍受約翰的粗魯無禮)

I couldn’t stand John’s rudeness any longer.

(我不能再忍受約翰的粗魯無禮)

She no longer works here. (她已不在這裡工作)

She doesn’t work here any longer. (她已不在這裡工作)

 

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